Mamíferos y reptiles depredadores no venenosos: impactos socioecológicos de su comercio en la moda de lujo
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.14198/cdbio.28555Palabras clave:
Cría en cautividad, Impacto ecológico, Impacto económico, Piel, Piel(cuero), Conflicto entre el hombre y la fauna salvajeResumen
Los depredadores vertebrados prestan importantes servicios ecológicos; muchos de ellos están implicados en interacciones negativas con los seres humanos o provocan impactos ecológicos adversos. Las interacciones negativas provocan muertes, lesiones y pérdidas económicas a la sociedad humana, y los impactos ecológicos adversos dan lugar a distintos costes ambientales que ejercen sus consecuencias económicas específicas. En respuesta, las especies responsables son sacrificadas o gestionadas. Algunos depredadores están vinculados simultáneamente a los aspectos perjudiciales mencionados y a aspectos beneficiosos como las ganancias económicas, los beneficios sociales y el empleo a través de su papel en la industria de la moda de lujo. En otras palabras, los depredadores tienen repercusiones socioecológicas contradictorias. La presente revisión pone de relieve esta contradicción en relación con cuatro géneros no venenosos de dos clases de vertebrados, Reptilia (Crocodylus y Python) y Mammalia (Vulpes y Neogale), por primera vez sobre la base de la literatura revisada por pares y gris existente. Los miembros de los géneros de reptiles y mamíferos seleccionados se crían para la producción de cuero y pieles, respectivamente, para satisfacer la demanda de la industria de la moda de lujo. En algunas partes del mundo, estos depredadores forman parte integral de la generación de medios de subsistencia, y su contribución en este contexto no puede ser sustituida por ninguna otra fuente de ingresos. El manuscrito trata de profundizar en sus efectos socioecológicos negativos, así como en su comercio, cría en cautividad y efectos positivos asociados. Las conclusiones revelan que la industria de la moda de lujo actúa como una importante vía para obtener beneficios para la sociedad humana de los cuatro géneros, responsables de los dis-servicios ecosistémicos, al crear la posibilidad de que la humanidad obtenga servicios ecosistémicos provisionales de las especies.
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